In this review, the ICJ addresses the breaches or risks of breaches of Italy’s human rights obligations.
These are resulting from:
- its immigration law, policy and practice; frequent expulsions on grounds of national security;
- widespread attacks on the judiciary and its members;
- the abuse of the state secrets privilege in order to obstruct the prosecution and trial of international crimes, and the failure to define torture as a criminal offence in its domestic legislation.
Italy-ICJ submission UPR-non-legal submission-2009 (full text in English, PDF)


![Smoke rises after an Israeli air strike on the village of Taybeh in southern Lebanon [Source: Al Jazeera]](https://www.icj.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Screenshot-2026-03-20-at-15.56.24-300x200.png)


